A Better Apology from Gov Snyder

Governor Snyder apologized (again) for the Flint water crisis this week. This time, I think it truly was an apology.

In his State of the State message Tuesday, as well as in interviews, he has taken responsibility for the disaster.

He began his annual State of the State address Tuesday by addressing the residents of Flint, saying, “I’m sorry and I will fix it. You did not create this crisis, and you do not deserve this…. You deserve accountability (and) to know that the buck stops here, with me… Government failed you at the federal, state and local level. We need to make sure this never happens again in any Michigan city.”

In an interview the next day, he complained of the staff in the DEQ’s Department of Water Quality, “They were too technical. They followed literally the rules. They didn’t use enough common sense to say in a situation like this, there should be more measures. There should be more concern. And it has led to this terrible tragedy that I’m sorry for, but I’m going to fix. I have to take responsibility for the state’s role in this. These folks work for me. That was a failure.”

Up until now, it didn’t seem like Governor Snyder saw the connection between the DEQ’s errors and his own responsibility, but now he does. He still hasn’t completely “Admitted specifically” what he did wrong–e.g., no mention of the fact that he appointed the city managers who kept opting to use the Flint River despite warnings it wasn’t safe–, but he recognizes that “the buck stops here.”

Another measure of a good apology is a willingness to “Accept the consequences.” Some believe that the consequence should be his resignation. He isn’t willing to do that, but he does seem to realize that another consequence is loss of trust by Flint residents—and others– in their state government.

Many recipients of apologies complain that they want action, not just words. They want to see “Altered behavior.” Governor Snyder sincerely seems to want to alter government procedures as well as the situation in Flint. Let’s hope he succeeds at both.

Governor Snyder’s Apologies in the Flint Water Crisis

Our governor, Rick Snyder, issued what he called an apology a couple weeks ago for what’s known as the “Flint water crisis.” Governor Snyder’s statement, in my humble opinion, didn’t meet the criteria for an effective apology, and the result has been – no surprise – more conflict. So yesterday, he tried again; he’s getting closer, but he still hasn’t truly apologized.

In April 2014, the city of Flint switched from Detroit water to water from its own Flint River, in order to save money. But it was immediately apparent to residents that Flint water was “bad.” Their complaints to the state went unheeded for over a year, until evidence demonstrated that Flint children had elevated levels of lead that could have come only from the water. Flint switched back to Detroit water in October 2015, and Governor Snyder appointed a task force to determine what went wrong.

The task force issued preliminary findings just after Christmas, pointing to the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality’s Office of Drinking Water and Municipal Assistance as the culprit. The DEQ director and his spokesman – who initially criticized the lead-level reports as “irresponsible” – resigned. Then Governor Snyder issued a statement that included this:

“I want the Flint community to know how very sorry I am that this has happened. And I want all Michigan citizens to know that we will learn from this experience, because Flint is not the only city that has an aging infrastructure.

“I know many Flint citizens are angry and want more than an apology. That’s why I’m taking the actions today to ensure a culture of openness and trust. We’ve already allocated $10 million to test the water, distribute water filters, and help in other ways…”

One way to measure an apology is by comparing it with Peacemaker Ministries’ “Seven A’s of Confession.” This statement is good on one of the A’s, “Alter behavior”—it devotes quite a bit of space to what will be done differently in the future. Another “A” is “Admit specifically.” Governor Snyder, if you really want to apologize, you need to tell us what you did — or didn’t do — that you now regret. Saying you’re “sorry that this happened” is like saying to a friend, “I’m sorry you have cancer.” Using the word “sorry” doesn’t convert a statement into an apology.

Perhaps he does not see how he is responsible for the tragedy in Flint. If so, he’s being honest, not taking the blame when it would be politically expedient to do so. Or perhaps he’s leery of the repercussions if he admits responsibility, a fear that stops many of us from apologizing.

Now Governor Snyder is being excoriated in the national media. Perhaps that prompted yesterday’s statement in Flint, where he acknowledged  that the state’s response had not been “good enough,” and that he’s “responsible for what happens in state government.” And yet he still sounds defensive; he pointed out that he already apologized, and insisted that his office has been “clear to communicate” the issues at the DEQ — neither of which, in my opinion, is true. And he’s still publicly insisting that he didn’t know there was a problem until October, even though his chief of staff Dennis Muchmore alerted him months before that.

It’s not too late for Governor Snyder to make a good apology, and he’s moving in the right direction. It should include elements corresponding to the A’s of “Admit specifically” as well as “Acknowledge the harm” and “Accept the consequences.” It could also include an apology for his poor attempt at an apology.

 

I’m sorry that this isn’t an apology

Mr. Sepp Blatter, former president of the international soccer association FIFA, was found guilty this week of ethical violations by the FIFA ethics committee, and was barred from taking part in any soccer-related activities for the next eight years. He has said he will fight the suspension. He has been under suspicion of ethical violations for many of the 17 years he has been FIFA president.

After the suspension was announced, Mr. Blatter called a press conference to make a statement beginning with the words, “I’m sorry…” but it was not an apology:

“I’m really sorry. I’m sorry that I am still a punching ball for FIFA, …  and I’m sorry for football … I’m sorry for FIFA, which I’ve served for over forty years. I’m sorry for the 400-plus team members. But I’m also sorry about me, how I’ve been tainted in this world of humanitarian qualities.”

It might have been more accurate had he substituted the word “sad” – or even “mad” — for “sorry.”

By starting off with the words, “I’m sorry,” his audience might have been lead to believe that he was going to apologize. But an apology includes remorse and responsibility for one’s actions, and Mr. Blatter apparently feels neither. At least he was honest!

 

A Better Way to Argue

New research has shown that framing your argument from your opponent’s “moral perspective” is much more likely to be persuasive. Professors Rob Willard, from Stanford, and Matthew Feinberg at University of Toronto, conducted a set of six studies involving over one thousand people, to determine how re-framing based on moral perspective could be persuasive in political arguments. They concluded that, when arguing with an opponent, we tend to make arguments that are persuasive to us, but the best way to persuade our opponent is to reframe our argument to appeal to their moral values.

The studies drew on past research showing that liberals and conservatives tend to draw from different moral bases. In general,  conservatives tend to be most concerned about justice and respect for authority, whereas liberals tend to value fairness and equality.

For example, they asked conservatives to formulate arguments about why English should be the official language of the United States. Conservatives used the argument that having a united country meant speaking the same language, but it would be more persuasive to people with a liberal moral framework to say, for example, when people speak English, they are less likely to face racism.

The professors noted that this does not come easy. “Moral re-framing is not intuitive.” Even when consciously trying to appeal to a different moral framework, we tend to forget and fall back into our usual arguments — which do not move the other side, regardless of how passionate we are.

While their research focused on political arguments, I think it has implications for all kinds of conflicts. It confirms the biblical principle to “look not [only] to your own interests, but [also] to the interests of others” (Philippians 2:4). The most effective mediations are ones where a party is truly able to understand what motivates the other side, their values and interests, and construct arguments and outcomes addressed to those. People who get good at this could resolve their disputes without even needing a mediator!

Below is a summary of the research described on “Morning Edition” last week:

Restorative Justice in GR

“Restorative Justice” is a relatively new concept that is fast replacing disciplinary proceedings for students who have conflicts with other students. Our Dispute Resolution Center in Grand Rapids has worked with a couple of area school districts to establish restorative justice programs, with good results. Restorative justice in schools often takes the form of restorative circles. A recent article does a good job of describing more about how well these circles work.